Under Karadzic, Serb troops laid siege to the Bosnian capital Sarajevo for 43 months during the bloody Bosnian war. Karadzic was indicted by the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague for authorising the shooting of unarmed civilians in Sarajevo. He was indicted again for genocide for orchestrating the slaughter of around 8000 Muslim males in the U.N. "safe area" of Srebrenica in 1995. The arrest of Karazdic and other indicted war criminals was one of the main conditions for Serbian progress towards EU membership.